The preference is still for witnesses to physically appear in court and testify live in front of a judge and jury. However, there are some circumstances where this is either not possible–such as in the event of grave illness or death–or would cause an extreme hardship–such as if the witness would have to travel long distances, is ill, disabled, or has another reason the court would accept. There have also been allowances made for expert witnesses who would not be able to appear in court to have their video testimony presented instead.